Suggested answer: natural or artificial protection from the sun can be used. In the case of natural protection from the sun, the shading should take effect only in summer, meaning that only deciduous trees are planted. The planner’s task is therefore to design the shading in such a way that the sun’s rays reach through the glazing into the building as far and as long as possible in the cooler half of the year, but are prevented from doing so in the warmer half of the year.
A deciduous tree provides shade with its leaves in summer. In fall it loses them and lets through part of the sun’s radiation. This effect can be taken into account if trees are on hand, or in long-term planning. It must be noted, however, that even deciduous trees may provide 15 to 25 percent shade or more with their branches alone.
An artificial shading system has the advantage that it can be adjusted in line with current needs. Adjustable, external shading systems are generally preferable to fixed systems. However, the electricity consumption of shading systems should always be taken into account.
